25th Annual Report of the Charter
The 25th annual report of the International Charter: Space and Major Disasters is now available, and describes the Charter's activities throughout 2025.
In 2025, the Charter was activated 68 times in 45 different countries. This is the second highest activation total ever seen in a single year, only second to 2024; showing a clear trend upwards in Charter activation requests. The new average number of activations per year is 39 since 2000, and 47 since 2007 (when the Charter began consistently handling more activations).
This year, the Charter was triggered six times for man-made disasters, all of which were oil spills in the following countries:
During 2025, the monthly average of activations was 5.67, lower than the average for 2024 (7.08) but significantly higher than the average since 2007 (3.95 activations per month for the period 2007-2025).
Since 2000, 155 Countries and territories worldwide have benefited from the Charter. 55 countries have had five or more activations, 53 countries and one territory have had between 2-4 activations, and 40 countries and 4 territories have had one activation.
The most frequent hazard types were floods, and ocean storms with earthquakes and landslides being the 3rd and 4th most common hazards. Lastly, wildfires and represented 6%, and Miscellaneous Events (Oil Spills and Snow Hazards) represented 7%.
In 2025, the three most catastrophic events were:
- Earthquake in Myanmar which killed 3,820 people and affected 1.35 million
- Earthquake in Afghanistan that killed 2,200 people and affected 1.3 million
- Tropical storm 'Senyar' in Indonesia which killed 1,109 people and affected 3.3 million
All three of these events were covered by Charter activations. The EM-DAT database (managed by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) inventoried 465 natural events in 2025 that killed a total of 19,503 people (officially reported deaths).
The number of AUs is increasing thanks to the Universal Access initiative, which changed the relative weight between the activation modes. By the end of 2025, mandated organisations of 56 countries have become AUs after a registration and training process under the Charter’s Universal Access initiative