Causes
Landslides occur when ground on slopes becomes unstable. The destabilisation of ground can be caused by heavy rain and floods, seismic activity, erosion from oceans and rivers, or changes to vegetation affecting soil composition. The unstable ground collapses and flows down the side of a hill or mountain, consisting of earth, rocks, mud, and any debris caught in its wake.
Consequences
If a landslide occurs near inhabited areas, it can cause significant damage. Entire villages can be buried as landslides strike quickly. Buildings may be damaged or flattened, while roads, bridges, and other infrastructure can be destroyed by the debris. Fast relief and rescue operations are crucial to reaching trapped survivors, but these efforts can be delayed if landslides cut off access to the affected area.
Satellite data
Satellites play an essential role in monitoring affected areas, assessing damage, and identifying potential locations of survivors. The first activation of the International Charter: Space and Major Disasters was for a landslide in Slovenia in 2000.